Treatment outcomes and predictive factors for multidrug-resistant TB and HIV coinfection in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

BACKGROUND: Brazil ranks 14 th worldwide in the number of TB cases and 19 terms TB-HIV co-infected cases. This study aims at identifying clinical demographic factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes (loss to follow-up, failure death) HIV-positive patients multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. METHODS: was a retrospective cohort MDR-TB notified from 2000 2016 RJ. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used assess risk MDR-TB. RESULTS: Among 2,269 patients, 156 (6.9%) had higher proportion (52.6%) than HIV-negative (43.7%). All extensively drug-resistant (XDR-TB) outcomes. Multivariate analysis shows that previous (HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.22–3.18) illicit drugs use 1.68, 1.01–2.78) greater outcomes, while 6-month culture conversion 0.48, 0.27–0.84) antiretroviral therapy (ART) 0.51, 0.32–0.80) predictors reduced risk. CONCLUSIONS: Unsuccessful among HIV patients. Prompt initiation ART effective interventions are necessary improve adherence prevent retreatment